Finding Percentages

Calculate what X% of a given number equals.

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Calculate what X% of a given number equals.

Finding a percentage of a number is one of the most fundamental numerical operations. To find X% of Y, multiply Y by X and divide by 100, or equivalently, multiply Y by the decimal form of X (X/100). This skill is essential for calculating discounts, tips, taxes, and portions.

X% of Y = Y × (X/100) = Y × 0.0X

What is 25% of 80? → 80 × 0.25 = 20
What is 15% of 200? → 200 × 0.15 = 30
What is 40% of 150? → 150 × 0.40 = 60

How to recognize it

Look for 'what is X% of Y' phrasing
Convert the percentage to decimal (divide by 100)
Multiply the base number by the decimal

Common mistakes

Forgetting to divide the percentage by 100
Multiplying by the percentage directly (25 instead of 0.25)
Confusing 'of' with 'off' (discount calculations)

Step-by-step walkthrough

What is 15% of 80?

Convert percentage to decimal: 15/100 = 0.15
Multiply the base number by the decimal: 80 x 0.15
Calculate: 80 x 0.15 = 12

Answer: 12

Practice guidance

Numerical Reasoning